Past Tense
┣ Simple Past tense
┣ Past Continuous tense
┣ Past Perfect tense
┗ Past Perfect Continuous tense.
Present Tense
┣ Simple Present tense
┣ Present Continuous tense
┣ Present Perfect tense
┗ Present Perfect Continuous tense.
Future Tense
┣ Simple Future tense
┣ Future Continuous tense
┣ Future Perfect tense
┗ Future Perfect Continuous tense.Present tense
1 Simple Present tense Generally, it represents habits, day to tasks, univesal/general truths, prowords, and fixed arguments.
Subject + V¹ + SR/ES/IES + object.
🗝️ Keywords: Always, Everyday, daily, often, always, once
Examples
- I go to temple Everyday. -:We daily drink 1L of water.
- You go to temple Everyday.
- They go to temple Everyday.
- He goes to temple Everyday.
- She goes to temple Everyday.
- It goes temple to Everyday.
Univesal truths examples
- Sun rises in the east.
- Humans need Oxygen to survive.
- 2 + 3 = 5.
2 Present Continuous / Present progress tense It describes actions now, around or with a temporary nature.
Subject + is/am/are + V¹ + V⁴ (ing) + Object.
🗝️ Keywords at the moment, currently, at present, this week, still, just, right now
Examples
- I'm listening to Present continuous tense now.
- We are listening to Present Continuous tense now.
- Raja is listening to Present Continuous tense now.
- She is listening to Present Continuous tense now.
- We are listening to Present Continuous tense now. -They are listening to Present Continuous tense now.
- It just woke up from a nap.
3 Present Perfect Tense It is used to connect a past action or state with the present. It often describes completed actions with present relevance, experiences, or actions continuing up to now.
Subject + has/have + V³ + Object
🗝️ Keywords: already, yet, ever, never, recently, lately, so far, until now, up to now, for
Examples
- I have just completed my breakfast.
- He has just got back from work.
4 Present Perfect Continuous Tense It describes actions that began in the past and are still continuing in the present, or actions that were happening recently and have a present effect.
Subject + has/have + been + V¹ + ing + Object
🗝️ Keywords: for, since, all day, all morning, how long, recently, lately.
Examples
- I have been studying for two hours.
- She has been working here since 2019.
Past tense
1 Simple Past Tense It describes actions that started and finished in the past. It is used for completed actions, habits, and events that happened at a specific point of time.
Subject + V² + Object
🗝️ Keywords: yesterday, last night, last week, ago, in 2010, when, once, then
Examples
- I visited Delhi last year.
- She watched a movie yesterday. 2 Past Continuous Tense It describes an action that was happening at a particular moment in the past.
Subject + was/were + V¹+ ing + Object
🗝️ Keywords: while, when, as
Examples
- I was reading when you called.
- They were playing football at 5 pm yesterday.
3 Past Perfect Tense It describes an action that was completed before another action in the past.
Subject + had + V³ + Object
🗝️ Keywords: before, after, already, just, by the time
Examples
- I had finished homework before dinner. She had already left when I arrived.
4 Past Perfect Continuous Tense It describes an action that had been going on for some time in the past, before another past action or a specific time.
Subject + had been + V¹+ ing + Object
🗝️ Keywords: before, by that time, for, since
Examples
- I had been waiting for the bus for an hour before it arrived. She had been working in Delhi since 2019. They had been playing games for seven years.
Future tense
1 Future Simple Tense It describes actions that will happen in the future.
Subject + will/shall + V¹ + Object
🗝️ Keywords: tomorrow, next week, next month, in the future, soon, later
Examples
- I will visit London tomorrow.
- She will call you later.
2 Future Continuous Tense It describes an action that will be ongoing at a specific time in the future.
Subject + will/shall + be + V¹ + ing + Object
🗝️ Keywords: at this time tomorrow, next week, soon, all day.
Examples
- I will be traveling to Europe next week.
- We will be traveling to Europe next week.
- She will be traveling to Europe next week.
- He will be traveling to Europe next week.
- You will be traveling to Europe next week.
3 Future Perfect Tense It describes an action that will be completed before a specific time or event in the future.
Subject + will/shall + have + V³ + Object
🗝️ Keywords: by tomorrow, by next week, before, by the time, by then
Examples
- I will have finished reading this book by the time of examinations.
- We shall have reached the school before the bell rings.
- He will have applied for the next job in London.
- She will have bought all the equipment.
- They will have finished their work by tomorrow.
4 Future Perfect Continuous Tense It describes an action that will be continuing up to a specific point in the future.
Subject + will/shall + have been + V¹ + ing + Object
🗝️ Keywords: for, since, by the time, until, for two hours, for three years
Examples
- I will have been working here for 5 years by next year.
- We will have been studying for the exam when you visit us.
- She will have been living in this city since 2020.